BI 150 - Anatomy and Physiology I

Fulfills SUNY General Education – Natural Sciences.

Course Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:

BODY ORGANIZATION AND HOMEOSTASIS

• define anatomy and physiology;
• explain what is meant by levels of organization;
• apply anatomical terminology to describe body regions, planes, body cavities and directional terms; and
• define homeostasis and explain its importance to survive.

CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY

• explain the relationship between elements and atoms;
• become familiar with basic chemistry;
• detail organic and inorganic molecules;
• explain differences between saturated and unsaturated fats; and
• discuss enzymes and their heat, pH and substrate specificity.

CELL

• state the location, structure and function of each of the major organelles of the cell;
• describe the composition of plasma membrane and explain the “Fluid Mosaic Model”;
• identify transport mechanisms across cell membranes;
• discuss isotonic, hypertonic and hypotonic solutions; and
• state the function of genes. Explain the term “genetic code”.

TISSUES

• discuss the structure and function of epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous tissue;
• differentiate between endocrine and exocrine glands; and
• classify multicellular exocrine glands by comparing structure and function.

INTEGUMENT

• describe the functions of skin;
• define epidermis, dermis and hypodermis, listing the major layers of each and describe the function of each layer; and
• discuss structures associated with epidermis, dermis and hypodermis.

OSSEOUS TISSUE AND SKELETAL SYSTEM

• state the functions of bones;
• label and study gross anatomy of a long bone;
• describe the histology of Haversian system;
• discuss the chemical composition of bone. What are the purposes of organic and inorganic bone components; and
• detail bone remodeling and maintenance of bone.

ARTICULATIONS

• structurally and functionally classify joints;
• label and define the parts of a synovial joint; and
• define and give the common types of movement allowed by joints.

MUSCLE TISSUE AND MUSCULAR SYSTEM

• compare and contrast the three types of muscle;
• describe connective tissue coverings of skeletal muscle;
• describe histology of a skeletal muscle fiber;
• explain sliding filament theory; and
• discuss how muscle cells are stimulated to contract by the nervous system.

NERVOUS TISSUE

• state the functions of the nervous system;
• explain the structural and functional divisions of the nervous system;
• classify neurons structurally and functionally;
• define resting membrane potential and describe its electrochemical basis; and
• describe the importance of the myelin sheath and describe how it is formed in the CNS and PNS.

SPINAL CORD, SPINAL NERVES AND SPINAL REFLEXES

• identify and describe functions of the spinal cord;
• describe structure and function of ascending and descending tracts; and
• discuss reflexes and describe the components of a reflex arc.

BRAIN AND CRANIAL NERVE

• discuss the major  regions of the brain and give their functions;
• name 12 pairs of cranial nerves and give their function; and
• describe how the meninges, CSF, and blood-brain barrier protect the CNS. Describe the functional areas of the cerebral cortex.

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

• compare and contrast the two divisions of ANS;
• describe the effects of cholinergic and adrenergic drugs; and
• differentiate the effects of SNS and PNS stimulation on selected organs.

EYE AND EAR

• identify major structures of the eye and ear and give locations; and
• describe normal physiology of vision and hearing.

 

Corequisites: EN 100; BI 147 is recommended for students lacking a science background.
Concurrent Registration: BI 151
S (C, N, S)